• White balance, a.k.a. “color normalization”
• Automatic white balance or AWB
• Automatic exposure control

• Brightness
• Contrast
• Hue rotation
• Vibrancy or “smart saturation”
• Sharpness
• Gamma

• Histograms
• Parade

• Hue vs. Hue
• Hue vs. Saturation
• Hue vs. Luma
• Luma vs. Saturation

• luminance
• RGB->HSL
• HSL->RGB
• Color correction matrix

These transformations are all applied in YCbCr (a.k.a. YUV) color space unless stated otherwise. That means they all happen after the initial de-bayering but before re-sampling for the actual output format (unless noted otherwise):

• RGB to YCbCr 4:4:4
• UVC Gamma
• UVC Brightness
• UVC Contrast
• UVC Hue rotation
• UVC Saturation (as vibrancy)
• UVC Sharpness